Holly
(Ilex aquifolium)
A much-loved evergreen with glossy, spiny leaves. In winter, female trees produce bright-red berries. Suits any size garden.
Growth and size
Mature height: up to 15m.
Supplied as 15-30cm cell-grown saplings.
Can be planted all year round with proper care.
Value to wildlife
Foliage provides year-round shelter for birds and insects.
Winter berries are an important food source for birds including thrushes.
Food plant for holly blue butterfly caterpillars.
Soil and conditions
Thrives in well-drained, fertile soils.
Tolerates sun and partial shade.
Can be grown as a tree, hedging or topiary.
Silver birch
(Betula pendula)
Silver birch is one of the oldest native species in Scotland, and supports a whole host of insects.
Growth and size
Mature height: 25m.
Supplied as 20-50cm cell-grown saplings.
Can be planted all year round with proper care.
Value to wildlife
Seeds are eaten by long-tailed tits, siskin, greenfinch and redpolls.
Food plant for more than 300 species of insect.
Soil and conditions
Prefers sandy or acidic soils.
Will grow in most conditions.
Rowan
(Sorbus aucuparia)
Creamy-white springtime flowers transform into vibrant orange-red berries in autumn.
Growth and size
Mature height: 15m.
Supplied as 20-50cm cell-grown saplings.
Can be planted all year round with proper care.
Value to wildlife
Source of pollen and nectar for bees and other pollinators.
Host plant for moth caterpillars such as the larger Welsh wave and autumn green carpet.
Berries are eaten by thrushes.
Soil and conditions
Grows in most soils.
Prefers light, well-drained and humus-rich conditions.
Juniper
(Juniperus communis)
One of only three conifer species native to the UK. Its berries are used to flavour gin and are popular in liqueurs and sauces.
Growth and size
Mature height: 8m.
Supplied as 20-30m cell-grown saplings.
Can be planted all year round with proper care.
Value to wildlife
Provides dense cover for small nesting birds like goldcrest.
Birds including fieldfare, song thrush and mistle thrush will eat the berries.
Food plant of moth caterpillars including the juniper pug, juniper carpet and chestnut-coloured carpet.
Soil and conditions
Prefers full sun.
Grows in most well-drained soils.